Google’s AI Mode represents the most significant evolution of Google Search yet, surpassing earlier milestones like Universal Search, featured snippets, and AI Overviews.
Described by Google’s Head of Search, Liz Reid, as “the future of Google Search,” AI Mode integrates advanced large language models (LLMs) to transform search queries into intelligent, conversational interactions.
This change marks a fundamental shift: moving from presenting a list of links to delivering personalized, multimodal answers. AI Mode uses reasoning, user context, and memory to create a more interactive and helpful experience.
Unlike traditional SERPs, AI Mode supports rich media inputs and outputs combining video, audio, images, and transcripts into unified responses. This unlocks a more immersive and versatile search journey.
While this innovation enhances user experience, it also poses challenges:
These shifts require marketers to rethink how visibility and performance are measured.
AI Mode is a strategic answer to generative competition from platforms like ChatGPT and TikTok. Google is doubling down on user satisfaction and retention even if that means keeping users on Google longer, rather than driving traffic outward.
AI Mode is built on a custom implementation of Google Gemini. It enables deep synthesis across:
The result is a more research-capable, context-aware search interface.
One of the core innovations behind AI Mode is query fan-out. Instead of processing a single query linearly, AI Mode breaks it into multiple sub-queries each addressing a different dimension of the user’s intent. These are executed in parallel across:
This leads to hyper-relevant, well-rounded answers.
CEO Sundar Pichai has confirmed the long-term vision:
“We’ll keep migrating it [AI Mode] to the main page… as features work.”
This points to a future where AI Mode becomes the default search experience.
Despite the shift, traditional search isn’t disappearing overnight. Pichai has also reassured that Google will continue linking to the open web:
“[The web] is a core design principle for us.”
This means that, for now, Google still needs content creators, publishers, and product sites to power its generative ecosystem.
Google’s AI Mode is replacing traditional search with dynamic, multimodal answers powered by Gemini 2.5. It breaks down queries into sub-tasks using “query fan-out” and synthesizes answers across trusted sources. To appear in these responses, your content must be modular, semantically rich, task-structured, and E-E-A-T optimized.
Related Readings:
Based on the “Search with stateful chat” patent.
Query ➜ Context ➜ LLM Intent ➜ Synthetic Queries ➜ Retrieval ➜ Chunk Evaluation ➜ Specialized LLM ➜ Composition ➜ Delivery

The user initiates a search query.
This marks the shift from document retrieval to answer synthesis. A user initiates a query, triggering the AI Mode experience.
Unlike traditional search which primarily retrieves matching documents this step begins a generative synthesis process, aiming to deliver a composed answer rather than just a ranked list of results.
Ensure your content aligns with informational intent and is formatted in ways conducive to synthesis (clear, declarative answers; modular structures).
The system gathers contextual data.
Search becomes personalized and session-aware. Google retrieves relevant context, which may include prior queries in the same session, user location, device type, Google account history, and personalized behavior. This ensures continuity and personalization of results.
AI Mode is contextually intelligent:
Match your content to likely user journeys tailor to personas, devices, and intent stages to increase contextual relevance.
The LLM begins semantic reasoning.
This step builds intent models and potential task flows. A large language model (e.g., Gemini 2.5) processes the query in light of context. It generates a preliminary intent map and candidate answers structured around task completion and thematic understanding.
Use headings, question formats, and use-case language that mirror task-based workflows and align with structured reasoning.
The system creates fan-out sub-queries.
This is the core of Google's Query Fan-Out system.
The original query is decomposed into several focused sub-queries:
Write content that directly addresses specific sub-intents within broader topics. Use modular design (FAQs, how-tos, tabbed sections) that can be independently extracted and recombined for synthesis.
Retrieval of candidate sources.
Traditional retrieval is augmented with LLM-generated fan-out queries. Synthetic queries retrieve documents from Google’s proprietary index, not the live web. This includes:
While traditional retrieval methods (e.g., BM25, neural rankers) are still used, they're enhanced by LLM-driven query understanding.
Relevance is based on:
Unlike traditional IR systems that prioritize whole-document relevance, AI Mode ranks and selects based on granular passage salience.
Focus less on exact-match keywords, more on ensuring your content clearly communicates topic relevance, depth, and authority. Use structured data and FAQs to improve retrievability.
Fusion and reasoning across sources.
LLMs evaluate content salience and trust at the chunk level (see “Query response using a custom corpus” patent). In this synthesis phase, Google’s system:
Scores each content unit for:
Establish clear topical boundaries. Each block of content should be self-contained, deeply relevant, and attributed. Think “answer-ready segments.”
System selects the right tool for the task.
Specialization ensures better quality. Google classifies the query type (informational, transactional, comparative) and invokes specialized downstream models tailored to content fusion, comparison synthesis, or summarization.
Create content that serves multiple formats how-to guides, decision frameworks, product comparisons to match LLM processing needs.
Final synthesis phase.
LLMs stitch together semantically aligned chunks into a natural answer. The downstream model assembles the final output using:
This step prioritizes user-friendly rendering by stitching together just-in-time generated responses and pre-validated content blocks. Citations are added if a chunk’s factual confidence exceeds a predefined threshold. This ensures attribution only where warranted.
Structure your site and content like a knowledge base. Label sections with intent-driven H2s/H3s. Modular, reusable formatting (like cards, tables, and lists) improves composability. Also, create content formats that naturally lend themselves to generative layout styles: steps, comparisons, definitions, pros/cons, lists, etc.
Delivery to user.
Final answer completes a feedback loop. The composed response is rendered at the user’s device in the AI Mode interface. It may include:
This output also updates the user state context, influencing how future queries in the session are interpreted.
Think in terms of visibility, not traffic. You want to be the cited or mentioned source inside the response. Create content blocks that provide value even when consumed out of full-page context.

Example: For a query like “best CRM tools for startups”, the model might detect sub-intents like:
This widens Google’s understanding across various interpretations of the same user need.
This is Google essentially “scrapbooking the web”, selecting the most relevant parts across sources.
Google’s LLM uses neural attention mechanisms to find which chunks are most informative, factual, and easy to assemble into an answer. Low-confidence content is discarded.
This patent reflects how Google is re-engineering search into a real-time, shifting from indexing pages to composing answers.

Google's AI Mode doesn't rely on a single semantic model. Evidence from Google Cloud Discovery Engine reveals two distinct systems working in parallel:
Gecko is Google's embedding model that measures vector similarity between queries and content. It converts both your content and the user's query into mathematical representations (embeddings) and calculates how closely they align in semantic space.
Think of Gecko as answering: "How similar is this content to what the user asked?"
Jetstream is a cross attention model that processes the query and document together rather than comparing pre computed vectors. Google's documentation notes it "better understands context and negation compared to embeddings."
Think of Jetstream as answering: "Does this content actually address what the user needs, including what they want to avoid?"
Traditional embedding models struggle with negation. The vectors for "best CRM for startups" and "best CRM not for startups" are nearly identical because they contain the same words. Jetstream's cross attention architecture processes the relationship between query terms, recognizing that "not" fundamentally changes the intent.
This has direct implications for how you structure content.
Instead of: "Our CRM is designed for growing businesses with flexible pricing."
Write: "Our CRM is designed for growing businesses, not enterprise organizations with complex compliance requirements. Unlike per seat pricing models, our approach doesn't penalize you for adding team members."
The second version gives Jetstream explicit signals about what the product is and isn't, who it serves and doesn't serve.
Google ranks content based on how well it aligns with both the explicit query and the inferred task or intent behind it.
Content is ranked higher when it follows predictable, chunk-based structures optimized for generative rendering.
Google’s models incorporate brand strength and presence as part of trust and authority evaluation.
Content credibility is assessed through multiple E-E-A-T proxies.
Recency remains a key relevance signal in Google’s generative systems.
Google ranks domains that demonstrate comprehensive and consistent coverage of a topic.
Indexability remains foundational for eligibility in AI-generated responses.
Google ranks content higher when it supports multi-format interpretation and synthesis.

The new rule of visibility: If your content isn’t semantically aligned, chunk-structured, and context-aware, it won’t be seen.
Here's a breakdown of key strategies:
AI Mode retrieves passages, not full pages. Each passage is assessed on its semantic precision, standalone utility, and retrievability.
Google Cloud Discovery Engine's chunking configuration reveals a maximum chunk size of 500 tokens (approximately 375 words). This isn't a fixed size but a ceiling: chunks can be smaller, but retrieval units won't exceed this limit.
When AI Mode retrieves content to synthesize answers, it's pulling chunks capped at roughly 375 words maximum. Any information that spans beyond this limit risks being split across chunks, potentially losing coherence or being retrieved incompletely.
Example: Your “Pricing” page should be a modular set of cards by plan, feature, and use case not just a table with a paragraph
AI Mode uses templated response structures: comparisons, lists, pros/cons, feature matrices, definitions, etc favoring functional structure over editorial length.
Google Cloud Discovery Engine's chunking configuration includes an option to "include ancestor headings in chunks." When enabled, each retrieved chunk carries its full heading hierarchy as context.
Example: Don’t bury “CRM integrations” in a paragraph. Use a bulleted list titled “Works seamlessly with…”
AI Mode breaks each query into synthetic sub-questions using LLM inference. Each sub-intent is matched to a chunk.
Example: Your product page should include “What is it?”, “Who it’s for?”, “Setup steps”, “Alternatives”, and “FAQs” all in separate blocks.
AI Mode scores content by salience, specificity, and semantic proximity not exact match terms.
Example: Say “We support SAML SSO for secure enterprise onboarding,” not “our tool is secure and easy to use.”
E-E-A-T influences the likelihood that your content is retrieved, trusted, and cited during synthesis. Google’s AI systems weigh the overall credibility of your site, content format, and authorship when deciding which sources to draw from.
Example: Instead of saying “We’re trusted,” cite the number of reviews on G2, include analyst quotes, or highlight that you’re ISO certified.
Citation patterns, UGC signals, and brand mentions all increase retrieval and inclusion likelihood in AI Overviews and AI Mode.
Example: A single Reddit thread titled “Why we switched to [Your SaaS] from [Big name]” can be default context for your brand in generative search.
Use this to evaluate whether your content is AI Mode ready for both visibility and citability in Google’s generative search experience:
Think in blocks, not blogs. Your goal is to be included, not just indexed. If each section isn’t composable, scannable, and semantically tight it’s less likely to make it into AI Mode answers.

Google AI Mode is an AI-powered search experience that provides conversational, multimodal answers instead of a traditional list of blue links. It uses Google’s Gemini LLMs to synthesize personalized responses from structured and unstructured data sources.
Unlike traditional search that ranks documents, AI Mode composes answers. It breaks down your query into sub-questions, retrieves relevant information, and generates a natural language response using advanced AI models.
Query fan-out is the process where a single user query is split into multiple sub-queries. Each sub-query targets a different facet of user intent and is processed independently to construct a more complete, synthesized answer.
As of mid-2025, AI Mode is available to all users in the U.S., with rollout underway in other regions like the UK and India. It’s currently accessible via the “AI Overview” or “AI Mode” tab in Google Search.
Not yet. AI Mode is still considered experimental and complements traditional search. Google has confirmed that web results will continue to be a core part of the experience to support transparency, exploration, and content discovery.
AI Mode selects content based on semantic relevance, factuality, format, and source trustworthiness. It prefers well-structured, declarative, and high-authority content, often at the chunk or passage level, not entire pages.
Yes, in many cases. Because answers are surfaced directly in the interface, users may not need to click through to websites. This leads to zero-click searches and lower traditional CTR, especially for informational queries.
To increase visibility in AI Mode:
Yes, but only when the system has high confidence in the factual accuracy and value of a source. Citations are selectively shown, often inline, and are more likely to appear for structured, well-attributed content.
SGE was the experimental precursor to AI Mode. In 2024, Google rebranded and rebuilt it as “AI Overviews” and later introduced AI Mode as the full-screen, chat-style version with deeper personalization and multimodal inputs.